Who founded the American Red Cross?

• A. Florence Nightingale
• B. Clara Barton
• C. Linda Richards
• D. Margaret Sanger

Answer: (B)

Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross. She was a nurse and humanitarian who organized relief for wounded soldiers during the Civil War and then helped establish a national organization to provide disaster and wartime aid in the United States, starting the American Red Cross in 1881 and serving as its first president. This established a U.S. branch modeled after the International Red Cross. Florence Nightingale is known for modern nursing in Britain, Linda Richards for being an early trained nurse in the U.S., and Margaret Sanger for birth-control advocacy; none of them founded the American Red Cross.